Allied Telesis AT-4016TR Bedienungsanleitung

Allied Telesis Verschiedenes – Sonstiges AT-4016TR

Lesen Sie kostenlos die 📖 deutsche Bedienungsanleitung für Allied Telesis AT-4016TR (114 Seiten) in der Kategorie Verschiedenes – Sonstiges. Dieser Bedienungsanleitung war für 16 Personen hilfreich und wurde von 2 Benutzern mit durchschnittlich 4.5 Sternen bewertet

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AT-4016TR

AT-4016F

AT-TS95TR

Ethernet Switch

with ATM Access

AT-S7

AT-S9

Release 2.0

Operations Manual



Telesyn International Corporation.

Allied Telesyn International Corporation reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information

contained in this document without prior written notice. The information provided herein is subject to change without

notice. In no event shall Allied Telesyn International Corporation be liable for any incidental, special, indirect, or

consequential damages whatsoever, including but not limited to lost profits, arising out of or related to this manual or

the information contained herein, even if Allied Telesyn International Corporation has been advised of, known, or

should have known, the possibility of such damages.

Trademarks: Ethernet is a registered trademark of Xerox Corporation. UNIX is a registered trademark of UNIX

System Laboratories. Novell and NetWare are registered trademarks of Novell, Inc. Microsoft and MS-DOS are

registered trademarks and LAN Manager and Windows for Workgroups are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

3Com is a registered trademark of 3Com. PC-NFS is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. PC/TCP is a registered

trademark of FTP Software, Inc. DECnet is a registered trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation.

iii

Table of Contents

Preface

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Assumptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Related Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix

Contacting ATI Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

Phone Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

Bulletin Board Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

Internet Mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

CompuServe Forum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

FTP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi

World Wide Web. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi

Chapter 1

Product Description

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

ATI’s Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Standards Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Virtual Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Permanent Virtual Circuits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

LAN Emulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Ethernet Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Store-and-forward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Cut-through . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Bridging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Bridge Address Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Table of Contents

Chapter 2

Getting Started

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Getting Started — Omega . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

System Administration Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

System Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Password, Timeout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

IP Parameters Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Getting Started — ATM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

ATM Parameters Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Sonet/SDH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Clocking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

ATM Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

VPI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

LAN Emulation Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Emulated LAN Definitions Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Port to ELAN Configuration Submenu AT-S7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Port to ELAN Configuration Submenu AT-S9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

MAC Address to ELAN Configuration Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

PVC Definitions Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

To Configure a PVC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Status And Statistical Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Cell Statistics Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Virtual Circuit Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

MAC Address Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Chapter 3

Ethernet Administration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Accessing Omega . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Selecting Menu Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Password, Timeout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

TCP/IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

To Configure a TCP/IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

BootP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Port Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Port Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

System Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Ethernet Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Terminal Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Update Software In Another System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Broadcast Updated Software To All Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Activity Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60

Connect to a Remote System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61

Reset and Restart the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Frame Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Single Counter Graph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64

System Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Individual Port Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Individual Port Graph — Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Error Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Individual

Port Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Cell Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Chapter 4

Software

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

To Obtain New or Upgraded Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

PCMCIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Firmware Cassette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

FTP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

TFTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Appendix A

TFTP

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

TFTP To CIB Configuration Data Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Get . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Put . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

General System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

ATM Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Ethernet Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Spanning Tree Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

ELAN/VLAN Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Appendix B

Glossary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Appendix C

Technical Support Fax Order

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Incident Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Appendix D

AT-S7/AT-S9 Manual Feedback

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Appendix E

Where To Find Us

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Appendix F

Index

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

vii

Preface

Background

This document represents a discussion of the software operating systems of

Allied Telesyn International’s (ATI’s)

AT-4016TR (or AT-4016F) Ethernet

Switch With ATM Access

which uses the optional AT-S7 PCMCIA Firmware

Card (Version 2.0) and the

AT-TS95TR TurboStack Switch With ATM Access

and Management

which uses the optional AT-S9

Firmware Cassette

(Version 2.0).

This manual assumes that you, the user, are familiar with the fundamentals of

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology as well as the operation of

Ethernet switches.

If you are unsure about some of the features included in this document, we

refer you to the reference documentation noted in this preface under the

subheading “Related Documentation.”

As you are probably aware, the standards for electronic networks in general,

and ATM technology in particular, are in transition. They have changed. They

are presently changing. They will certainly change in the immediate future.

In short, while our criteria is valid as of the date of this publication, this arena

of technology is so dynamic that you are cautioned to seek other sources for

the latest standards.

Preface

viii

Assumptions

The differences between the AT-S7 and the AT-S9 are primarily physical. The

following table summarizes these differences.

Contents

The contents of each chapter are described below.

❑

Chapter 1, “Product Description” introduces an overview of

functions and features. This chapter includes information that is

common to both the AT-S7 and the AT-S9.

❑

Chapter 2, “Getting Started” describes how an experienced user can

quickly, and easily, configure an ATM network using ATI’s Omega

management software. This chapter includes information that is

specific to both the AT-S7 and the AT-S9.

❑

Chapter 3, “Ethernet Administration” tells you how to use ATI’s

Omega management Ethernet software.

❑

Chapter 4, “Software” describes several methodologies for

subsequent software support.

Document Conventions

The following conventions are used in presenting information in this manual:

Commands, prompts, and information displayed by the computer appear in

Courier typeface, for example:

Current Number of Learned Addresses: 133

Number of Defined Filters: 4

Menu selections/menu titles appear in Courier bold typeface and prove direct

access through the menus. For example, from the System Administration

submenu, enter the letters

for

ATM Parameters

to access submenu

information.

AT-4016TR >

AT-TS95TR >

Table 1:

AT-S7/AT-S9 Characteristics

AT-4016TR/AT-4016F AT-TS95TR

AT-S7 PCMCIA Firmware Card AT-S9 Flash EPROM Cassette

16 10Base-T or Fiber Optic ports 8 10Base-T ports

No backplane 6-port segmented backplane

ATM media port is in back ATM media port is in front

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

NOTE

A note provides additional information about, or possible consequence of, a

specific action you can perform.

Related Documentation

You may ﬁnd the following networking reference material helpful:

❑

Internetworking with TCP/IP: Principles, Protocols, and Architecture

(2nd

❑

Interconnections, Bridges and Routers,

Radia Perlman, Addison Wesley

❑

The Simple Book, An Introduction to Management of TCP/IP-based

internets

, Marshall T. Rose, Prentice Hall © Second Edition, 1994.

❑

ATM Forum contributions are only available to Principal Members of

the ATM Forum although published Forum specifications are

available for purchase. Call the ATM Forum at 415.578.6860, fax

server at 415.525.0182, or send e-mail to

af-info@atmforum.com

for details about ATM Forum membership.

❑

UNI 3.0 specifications are published by Prentice Hall and are

available at technical bookstores.

❑

Internet RFCs can be obtained through anonymous FTP or e-mail to

rfc-info@ISI.EDU

with the message:

help: ways_to_get_rfcs

❑

Internet drafts are available by anonymous FTP. Internet draft

directories are located at:

— US East Coast:

ds.internic.net

— US West Coast:

ftp.isi.edu

— Europe:

nic.nordu.net

— Pacific Rim:

nunnari.oz.au

❑

ATM documentation is also available through Phillips Publishing

International: 301.424.3700 or 703.281.1135

Preface

Contacting ATI Technical Support

Problems? Questions can be directed to ATI’s Technical Support staff by:

❑

Telephone

❑

Bulletin board services

❑

Electronic mail via the Internet

❑

CompuServe forum

When you contact Technical Support, you should have the following

information available:

❑

Firmware Revision number

❑

Complete description of the problem including any observed errors

❑

Complete configuration information

❑

Serial number of your ATI Switch

Phone Numbers

Commercial telephone service is available Monday through Friday from 5:00

AM to 5:00 PM PST:

1-800-428-4835

(North America)

The FAX number is:

206-481-3790

For telephone numbers outside of the United States and Canada, contact

your reseller or regional ATI ofﬁce.

Bulletin Board

Services

A bulletin board is available. The number is:

206-483-7979

Modem settings for the bulletin board are: 8 bits; no parity; 1 stop bit.

The process is straightforward: Once the BBS is accessed, it requests that

you register either as a new user or as a current user. It then provides

instructions on the various features and functions available. This is followed

by a list and description of all available technical notes and ﬁles that can be

downloaded.

Internet Mail

You can send electronic mail via the Internet to:

tech_support@centre.com

CompuServe

Forum

ATI has a forum on CompuServe. You can reach us by typing

GO ALLIED

the CompuServe prompt (!).

Chapter 1

Product Description

Overview

Welcome to Allied Telesyn International!

Allied Telesyn’s

AT-4016TR Ethernet Switch With ATM Access

AT-4016F

Ethernet Switch With ATM Access

and

AT-TS95TR TurboStack Switch With

ATM Access and Management

are all Ethernet-to-Ethernet and Ethernet-

to-ATM switches. All support 10 Mbps of

dedicated

bandwidth on 16

(AT-4016) or 8 (AT-TS95TR) IEEE 802.3 Ethernet ports. Further, all support

a 155 Mbps Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) port for connectivity to an

ATM switch.

The release of system software Version 2.0 supports Ethernet and ATM

communication over Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs).

Your switch also provides an Emulated LAN (ELAN) capability by either

port or MAC address which, in turn, allows you to group all Ethernet ports —

as well as additional switches — as if you are in the same physical LAN.

As stated in the Preface, both switches are almost identical in form and

function. The differences are primarily physical. The following table, repeated

from the Preface, summarizes these differences.

Table 2:

AT-S7/AT-S9 Differences

AT-4016TR/AT-4016F AT-TS95TR

AT-S7 PCMCIA Firmware Card AT-S9 Flash EPROM Cassette

16 10Base-T or Fiber Optic ports 8 10Base-T ports

No backplane 6-port segmented backplane

ATM media port is in back ATM media port is in front

Product Description

Features

The following features are fully implemented:

❑

An Ethernet switch combined with ATM connectivity

❑

Emulated LAN support (up to 64 ELANs) user defined either by port

or MAC address

❑

Software upgrading and downloading using TFTP or the optional

PCMCIA Firmware Card (AT-S7 — Version 2.0) for the AT-4016TR

as well as the AT-4016F/SC and the AT-4016F/ST

❑

Software upgrading and downloading using TFTP or the optional

Firmware Cassette (AT-S9 — Version 2.0) for the AT-TS95TR

❑

Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC) connectivity using LAN Emulation

headers/encapsulation

❑

ATI’s Omega software management through Telnet or a serial

connection to a RS232C port

❑

Omega management for high-level features such as administration,

statistics, status and security

❑

Support For Up To 2,048 Media Access Control (MAC) Addresses

❑

ATM Connection Management Support For Up To 128 Permanent

Virtual Circuits (PVCs) using a single Virtual Path Identifier (VPI)

❑

992 available Virtual Circuit Identifiers (VCIs)

ATI’s Solution

If your LAN is reaching the limit of its bandwidth capacity, then transition

your legacy, shared-media trafﬁc, to a switched 10 Mbps network. Then, by

introducing ATM functionality to connect that same trafﬁc to a server or

backbone (up to theoretically 155 Mbps in this case), bottlenecks will be

mitigated.

This value-effective approach enables you to only “upgrade” devices that

actually need the increased bandwidth (like the server).

Finally, ATI’s ATM switches are the ﬁrst phase to meet both current and

future needs of your expanding networks. These services will enhance the

business environment for years to come.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Figure 1 shows the front panel of an AT-4016TR. It is presented as a review

of the positioning of the relevant ports.

Figure 2 shows the rear panel of an AT-4016TR.

Note that, whereas this figure shows a single power supply, an optional dual,

load-sharing, power supply is available.

Figure 3 shows the front panel of an AT-TS95TR.

Figure 1:

AT-4016TR Front

Panel

RS232C Network

Management Port

PCMCIA Port

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

LINK

RECEIVE

COLLISION

PCMCIA RS-232

PRESENT

FAIL

POWER SUPPLY

ALARMS 12

XXX XXXX XXXX XXX

MDI

MDI-X

NETWORK LOAD

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

RED YELLOW BLUE

ATM PORT

ONLINE SYNC LOS

RESET

LOOP-OUT

LOOP-IN

Figure 2:

AT-4016TR Rear

Panel

POWER SUPPLY

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

POWER SUPPLY 1

ATM MEDIA INTERFACE AC

LOOP

INTERNAL

FAIL

FIBER SC DUPLEX

OC-3c

TIMING

SYNC LOS

ATM MEDIA INTERFACE

Figure 3: AT-TS95TR Front

Panel

ATM MEDIA INTERFACE

RS232C Network

Management Port

10Base-T Ports

Product Description

Figure 4 shows the rear panel of an AT-TS95TR.

Standards Compliance

The following Management Information Base (MIB) protocols are supported

by ATI’s Management Software. An expanded discussion of selected MIB

support is provided in Appendix B.

❑SNMP MIB2 (RFC 1213)

❑Ethernet MIB (RFC 1643)

❑Bridge MIB (RFC 1493)

Virtual Circuits

There are two types of Virtual Circuits:

1. Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs) and

2. Switched Virtual Circuits (SVCs).

A connection-oriented technology such as ATM, means that a call or virtual

connection needs to be established between at least two stations before data

can be transferred. This release presently supports Permanent Virtual

Circuits (PVCs). Switched Virtual Channels (SVCs) will be supported in a

later release.

Your switch supports up to 128 PVCs.

Figure 4: AT-TS95TR Rear

Panel

Firmware Cassette Port

Backplane

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Permanent Virtual

Circuits If connections are established manually through either network management

or remote communications, the channels are called Permanent Virtual

Circuits (PVCs). PVCs are implemented through either a management

program termed Omega or a remote management station. With this release,

each switch must have a PVC connection between itself and every other

switch.

Analogous to a leased or dedicated real circuits found in packet-based

networks, PVCs must be physically conﬁgured by a network administrator

from the ATM switch to both establish and maintain ATM connectivity.

LAN Emulation

An Emulated LAN (ELAN) allows you to configure a network through

software instead of rearranging physical cables.

ELANs are created and managed using Omega software management

screens.

Figure 5 shows a typical ATM network topology.

Figure 5: ATM Topology

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

PCMCIA RS-232 POWER SUPPLY

ALARMS NETWORK LOAD

ATM PORT

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

PCMCIA RS-232 POWER SUPPLY

ALARMS NETWORK LOAD

ATM PORT

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

PCMCIA RS-232 POWER SUPPLY

ALARMS NETWORK LOAD

ATM PORT

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

PCMCIA RS-232 POWER SUPPLYALARMS NETWORK LOADATM PORT

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

PCMCIA RS-232 POWER SUPPLY

ALARMS NETWORK LOAD

ATM PORT

ATM

Switch

ATM inter-switch connection

Single physical link with

multiple PVCs

Server

Station 1

Station 2

“A” “B”

“C”

“D”

“E”

ATM

Switch

ATM

Switch ATM

Switch

ATM

Switch

ATM

Cloud

Server

Product Description

Ethernet Switching

There are two popular methods to forward information: store-and-forward

and cut-through. Although your switch employs store-and-forward as the

default, you can also choose cut-through.

Store-and-forward Store-and-forward means that your switch stores the entire packet and then

forwards it.

Store-and-forward switching, performed at the MAC layer, allows your

switch to temporarily store packets until network resources, typically a

congested port, are available. Frames which are incorrect, an invalid CRC for

example, are discarded. Store-and-forward switching, therefore, ensures data

integrity, thus preventing network error conditions from being generated

throughout the network.

Store-and-forward mode is implemented when packets are converted to cells

on each ATM transmission.

Cut-through In a cut-through system, the device starts to forward the incoming packet

while the packet is still being received on the inbound link.

Cut-through switching requires software that can both look at the start of the

packet and determine which outbound link is to be used to forward the

packet. Cut-through does not check for errors before forwarding a packet.

Bridging

Your switch operates as a transparent bridge to the Ethernet ports. As such,

it learns the source Media Access Control (MAC) addresses of all incoming

packets and ages out devices which have not been heard for a user or default

speciﬁed period of time.

The switch maintains a forwarding table with a maximum storage capacity of

2,048 MAC address. These Ethernet addresses are associated with all of the

devices that have been detected recently.

Your switch checks all incoming packets from each port for their destination

address against a Bridge Address Table. If a packet’s destination address is

not on the same network segment as the originating packet, the switch

forwards the packet to the network segment associated with that destination

address. However, if the packet’s source and destination address are on the

same network segment, known as local trafﬁc, the packet is automatically

discarded (ignored) or ﬁltered.

Bridge Address

Table The switch creates and maintains a dynamic database of addresses which are

stored in a Bridge Address Table. Port information entries in the Bridge

Address Table are, in turn, used as a basis from which to compare and

examine every packet to determine its source address, segment origin and

port information.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

If a packet’s MAC address is not already stored in the Bridge Address Table,

the switch adds the learned address, the associated port number and a timer

value that indicates the age of the dynamic Bridge Address Table entry.

Consequently, the switch knows the address and associated port number the

next time it sees that address. By using the information stored in the Bridge

Address Table, the switch is able to quickly forward each packet to the

correct port.

The switch learns addresses from all packets. When devices are added to the

network, removed from it, or relocated, you do not have to reconﬁgure your

switch. Your switch automatically learns all addresses.

An address stored in the Bridge Address Table is discarded if there is no

activity from that address after a conﬁgured length of time (the default is ﬁve

minutes). This aging process ensures that the Bridge Address Table is not

only continually updated but only includes current entries.

Each entry which is automatically entered (a dynamic entry) includes:

❑An Ethernet MAC address

❑The port number of the LAN on which the address resides

❑The age of the entry

Product Description

Chapter 2

Getting Started

A completely functional ATM network requires the successful integration of

several disparate units:

An AT-4016TR or AT-4016F Ethernet-to-ATM switch, or

An AT-TS95TR Ethernet-to-ATM switch

ATI’s Omega management software

An optional ATM-to-ATM Switch

Getting started involves the following sequence:

1. Omega management software.

Your switch is controlled by ATI’s Omega management software through

a terminal, a terminal emulator or a Telnet session.

2. Unique information.

Each switch can be assigned a unique name, location and contact

administrator.

3. Password.

Password protection is available if network security is required. The

default, of course, does not require a password.

4. ATM configuration.

ATM connectivity requires ATM address coordination between the

switch’s ATM port and an ATM switch.

Getting Started

Getting Started — Omega

Your switch can operate either stand-alone when the backbone port is not

connected to an ATM network — or as an Ethernet switch/ATM Emulated

LAN when the backbone port is connected to an ATM network and

functioning.

To be an operational, stand-alone Ethernet switch, your switch does not

require management (ATI’s Omega, for example) — or any other network

management application. Simply attach your devices to the RJ45 ports, apply

power and you have a working switch.

Main Menu

ATI’s Omega management software is pre-installed and operational when

power is applied to the switch. Conﬁguring Omega depends, however, upon

the requirements of your particular environment.

Omega management enables you to access and conﬁgure your ELANs and your

switch.

Omega’s Main menu enables you to access the submenus that are needed to

conﬁgure your Ethernet and ATM network.

The following menus are used to either view ATM statistics or conﬁgure your

ELAN:

❑Cell statistics - This menu enables you to view ATM cell transmit and

receive statistics as well as Loss of Frame and Sync Events.

❑Virtual circuit information - This menu enables you to view active VCI

information and statistics. The VCI number, name and type are listed

in this menu. You can view specific VCI statistics in a submenu.

❑LAN emulation - The Lan emulation menu enables you to access four

ELAN configuration or definition submenus.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

The Main Menu of the AT-4016F switch is shown below. The AT-TS95TR

Main Menu would be identical except for the header.

NOTE

The use of the Port, Frame, and Error statistics submenus are specifically associated

with Ethernet functionality and discussed in Chapter 4, System Administration. Since

they are not used to actually configure an ELAN, they will not be presented here.

From the Main menu you may select any of the following submenus:

❑Port status - refer to the section “Port Status” on page 45

❑Frame statistics - refer to the section “Frame Statistics” on page 63

❑Error statistics - refer to the section “Error Statistics” on page 67

❑Cell statistics - refer to the section “Cell Statistics” on page 69

❑Virtual circuit information - refer to the section “Virtual Circuit

Information” on page 38

❑System administration - refer to the section “System

Administration Menu” on page 12

❑LAN emulation- refer to the section “LAN Emulation Menu” on

page 22

❑MAC Address Table - refer to the section “MAC Address Table” on

page 40

Getting Started

The parameter changes noted below require the system to be reset before

they are recognized.

System Administration Menu

1. Connect the serial port of your terminal or PC to the RS232 console port

located on the front panel. For a PC connection, use a standard 9-pin serial

cable.

2. Access your terminal, or use the terminal emulator program in Microsoft

Windows.

3. Press the <RETURN> key several times. This will ensure auto configuration

of the appropriate baud rate.

4. From the Main Menu, open Omega’s System Administration

submenu by entering the letter S.

NOTE

You do not need to configure Omega if your default terminal is as follows: Data

bits: 8, Stop bits: 1, Parity: 0, Connector: Com1/Com2 (PC/terminal dependent)

Ethernet Parameters ATM Parameters

Store and Forward Sonet

Cut-Through SDH

Collision is Indicated on Amber Internal clocking LED

Transmit is Indicated on Amber External (loop) clocking LED

Unassigned cells idle cells

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

System Name

From the System Administration submenu, enter the letter S for

System name to access the following submenu. This menu can be used to

enter or change the name of your switch.

You may enter a new name, up to 20 characters in length, or press RETURN to

keep the existing symbolic name. To delete an existing name, enter one or

more space characters (blanks) and then press RETURN.

NOTE

For PVC configurations, it may be helpful to make the system name and ATM

address the same.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

The timeout option will automatically end the session if there is no activity

for the length of time speciﬁed (in minutes). That is, if a password timeout

value is entered the activity monitor will only run until the timeout time is

reached. The default Ø disables the timeout function.

Remember, if a switch is in session there is no access until the session is

terminated.

A session is terminated in any of three ways:

1. Timeout

2. Rebooting

3. Normal session termination using the Quit option.

Press <RETURN> for the Timeout screen.

Getting Started

IP Parameters

Menu From the Main menu, enter the letter S to reaccess the System

administration submenu:

Enter the letter I for IP parameters to access the following submenu:

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

A complete discussion of the parameters on this screen is contained in

Chapter 3, Ethernet Administration, and will not, therefore, be presented

here. On the other hand, the following two parameters are required to initiate

a remote network or to download software to switches which have a password

initiated.

Setting an IP Address for Telnet. Telnet requires a conﬁgured IP

Address! That is, remote communications with the switch require the use of

the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite. Please

refer to Chapter 3 for a discussion of the IP conﬁguration process.

Download Password. Download password is used with TFTP commands

to download software from your switch to other switches in your network.

Download password is not associated with the password used for Omega

management.

If you change the password, ensure that you conﬁgure the same download

password for all of the switches that are to be downloaded. That is, the switch

downloading the software and the switches receiving the software must use

the same password. In short, when you use TFTP, the ﬁle name for the switch

must be the same as the downloaded password.

The process is as follows: enter the password for the hubs to be downloaded.

For example, if the current download password is ATS7 (all uppercase) then,

upon entering the command H, you will be asked “Please enter a new string,

or <RETURN> to retain the existing one.”

Please refer to Appendix A for a discussion of TFTP and how the download

password is used.

Getting Started

Getting Started — ATM

As stated earlier, this release provides Ethernet to ATM connectivity

through ATM Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs). This means that each

switch must have a PVC link between itself and any other switch. Figure 6

shows a typical ATM PVC network topology.

This conﬁguration allows any device connected to any switch to communicate

with any other device — assuming that each device is in the same Emulated

LAN. Note that it is not necessary for every unit to be interconnected to

every other one. Only units that have devices which need to communicate

need to be connected.

Figure 6: ATM PVC Topology

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

PCMCIA RS-232 POWER SUPPLYALARMS NETWORK LOADATM PORT

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

PCMCIA RS-232 POWER SUPPLY

ALARMS NETWORK LOAD

ATM PORT

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

PCMCIA RS-232 POWER SUPPLY

ALARMS NETWORK LOAD

ATM PORT

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

PCMCIA RS-232 POWER SUPPLY

ALARMS NETWORK LOAD

ATM PORT

Ethernet Switch with ATM Access

PCMCIA RS-232 POWER SUPPLYALARMS NETWORK LOADATM PORT



ATM

Network

PVC Connections

ATM

Switch

ATM

Switch

ATM

Switch

ATM

Switch ATM

Switch

Physical Network

Single physical link

with multiple PVCs

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

ATM Address ATM addresses are used as a means to identify devices and to communicate

between them.

This software release allows non-standard ATM addresses. This means that

an ATM address may consist of any user-determined arbitrary numerical

designation.

Normally, an ATM address consists of a network preﬁx, a MAC address and a

selector byte.

[network preﬁx] [MAC address] [selector byte]

VPI Like traditional LAN packets, ATM cells contain addressing information.

Rather than addressing cells to speciﬁc destination devices, ATM cells are

addressed to Virtual Channels (VCs) and Virtual Paths (VPs).

Ensure that the VIP is set to zero (Ø) in the ATM parameters option within

the System Administration Menu. Ø is the only VPI that is supported at this

time.

Speciﬁcally, a Virtual Path Identiﬁer (VPI) is a grouping of a number of

Virtual Channels. It consists of the 8-bit number in an ATM cell header which

identiﬁes the speciﬁc virtual path that the cell is traversing in the current

physical circuit.

The switch’s connection management entity uses VCI and VPI to output

tables. Since the connections in the table are established manually through

network management or remote communications, the channels are called

Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs).

Getting Started

The VPI screen is shown below and is accessed, of course, from the System

Administration submenu.

To use the LAN emulation capabilities of ATM, you establish logical identities

for LANs, paths, channels, and MAC-addressed nodes on your network(s).

Virtual Path Identifier. The Virtual Path Identiﬁer (VPI) for the

AT-TS95TR is set in the LAN Emulation menu (PVC deﬁnitions).

Virtual Channel Identifiers. Virtual Channel Identiﬁers (VCIs) are also

deﬁned in the LAN Emulation menu (PVC deﬁnitions). There are 992 VCIs

available between 32 and 1,024 (VCIs between 1 and 31 have been reserved

for ATM management cell purposes). These are used by ATM in the cell

header to direct packets to their correct destinations. (You can also use the

LAN Emulation menu to assign ELAN membership to nodes.)

LAN Emulation Menu

This release implements multiple Emulated LANs. Although each switch can

support up to 64 Emulated LANs, each Emulated LAN requires its own PVC

between units.

Use the LAN Emulation menu to set up Emulated LANs as follows:

1. Ensure that the VPI is set to zero (Ø) in the ATM parameters option

within the System Administration Menu (Ø is the only VPI that is

supported at this time).

Once the ATM parameters are established, you are ready to configure

Emulated LANs.

Getting Started

The Emulated LAN Deﬁnition menu provides the following information:

❑ELAN number - There are 64 possible ELAN numbers per switch.

❑ELAN Name - This is the ELAN name associated with the ELAN. The ELAN

name field may contain up to 32 characters.

Initially all users are on the default ELAN. In the above illustration, ELANs

2 through 6 have been modiﬁed from the default.

Select an ELAN by typing its number as shown on the left of the screen and

press <RETURN>. There are 64 potential ELANs. To see the next set of 16,

press n <RETURN>. To see the previous set, press <RETURN>.

Enter a name, (up to 32 characters in length) or delete the existing name (by

pressing the spacebar) for the selected ELAN.

NOTE

Entering a name for an ELAN activates the ELAN.

The following example shows ELAN Number 1, the default ELAN.

Port to ELAN Configuration Submenu AT-S7

The Port to ELAN Conﬁguration option enables you view the ELAN name

and type of port conﬁguration associated with each port on your switch.

This screen displays each of the sixteen (16) actual AT-4016TR UTP or

AT-4016F Fiber Optic ports as well as the logically deﬁned management port

(Port #17).

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

By default, all devices on a port are in the same ELAN, but you can override

membership assignments for individual devices on a port. See “MAC Address

to ELAN Conﬁguration Submenu” on page 28.

NOTE

Ensure that the management workstation remains on the same ELAN as the

management client port, Port 17. Otherwise you will lose contact with the

switch via Telnet. If you lose contact, either Telnet in from a station on the

management port’s ELAN, or initiate an Omega local session and reassign the

management station’s port to be on the same ELAN as Port 17.

To make ELAN assignments by port:

Enter po to select the Port to ELAN Configuration submenu.

The Emulated LAN column lists the ELAN that is presently conﬁgured to each port.

The Type column contains a user deﬁned keyword to conﬁgure the port.

There are normally two keywords used:

❑MAC - If you select MAC, the MAC address defined in the MAC

address to ELAN conﬁguration menu is used to determine ELAN

membership for a device. This is the default method for assignment of

devices to ELANs. If a device’s MAC address is not explicitly

assigned to an ELAN, it is a member of the port’s ELAN.

❑FIXED - If you choose Fixed ELAN, all devices on the port join the

port’s designated ELAN regardless of individual device assignments.

The MAC address of the device is ignored.

Getting Started

Select a port by typing its number listed on the left of the screen. Port 1 was

selected in this example.

On the ELAN configuration screen for the selected port, you can change the

method the switch uses to assign ELAN membership to network devices.

Choose either M for “MAC address determines ELAN; default is port’s

ELAN” or F for “Fixed ELAN: all devices on this port forced to port’s

ELAN.”

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Port to ELAN Configuration Submenu AT-S9

The Port to ELAN Conﬁguration option enables you view the ELAN name and type

of port conﬁguration associated with each port on your switch.

This screen displays each of the eight (8) actual AT-TS95TR UTP ports as

well as the logically deﬁned management port.

By default, all devices on a port are in the same ELAN, but you can override

membership assignments for individual devices on a port.

To make ELAN assignments by port:

Enter po to select the Port to ELAN Configuration submenu.

The Emulated LAN column lists the ELAN that is presently conﬁgured to each port.

The Type column contains a user deﬁned keyword to conﬁgure the port. There are

normally three keywords used:

❑MAC - If you select MAC, the MAC address defined in the MAC

address to ELAN conﬁguration menu is used to determine ELAN

membership for a device. This is the default method for assignment of

devices to ELANs. If a device’s MAC address is not explicitly

assigned to an ELAN, it is a member of the port’s ELAN.

❑FIXED - If you choose Fixed ELAN, all devices on the port join the

port’s designated ELAN regardless of individual device assignments.

The MAC address of the device is ignored.

Getting Started

Select a port by typing its number listed on the left of the screen. Port 9 was

selected in this example.

On the ELAN configuration screen for the selected port, you can change the

method the switch uses to assign ELAN membership to network devices.

Choose either M for “MAC address determines ELAN; default is port’s

ELAN” or F for “Fixed ELAN: all devices on this port forced to port’s

ELAN.”

MAC Address to ELAN Configuration Submenu

Once you have made port-to-ELAN membership assignments, you can assign

up to 128 MAC addresses to membership in an ELAN by selecting MAC

address to ELAN Configuration from the LAN Emulation Menu. If you do

not provide an entry for a given device in the MAC address to ELAN

conﬁguration table, its ELAN membership is the same as the membership of

the port.

NOTE

Designating a port’s Type as Fixed on the Port to ELAN Configuration

menu overrides the individual device assignments in the MAC address to

ELAN Configuration.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

To assign ELAN membership to an individual device:

1. Enter M to select the MAC address to ELAN Configuration submenu.

2. The final screen would look similar to the following. The difference would

only consist of at least 128 possible MAC addresses:

Getting Started

3. Select a row in the table by typing its number listed on the left of the

screen.

Enter M to select MAC address and type in the MAC address for the device

you wish to assign to an ELAN and press <RETURN>.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

4. Enter E to select the Emulated LAN, type in the number of the ELAN you

wish to assign the device to and press <RETURN>.

PVC Definitions Submenu

The PVC definitions menu shows the current conﬁguration of the

Permanent Virtual Connections (PVCs).

To Conﬁgure a PVC You can add or modify PVC conﬁgurations by overwriting the entries in the

table. But ﬁrst, there are four things you need to consider (and conﬁgure) in

order to set up your PVCs.

1. Determine your ATM Addresses — First, you need to define the ATM

address of the AT-4016 or AT-TS95TR you are configuring. Next, you

must determine the ATM addresses of all devices which will be attached.

To set the address, access the ATM parameters option within the

System Administration submenu. The AT-4016/AT-TS-95TR

uses this address to identify itself when communicating with other

devices. You will need to know this address in order to enable other

devices to access your system. It can be any number.

2. Define your ELAN — If you wish to use the Default ELAN (ELAN #1)

there is nothing for you to do. If, however, you are using more than one

ELAN, or you do not wish to use the Default ELAN, you must define all

new ELANs by assigning them a name.

Getting Started

If you need multiple ELANs, or do not use the default ELAN, you

must define an ELAN name and associate it with a number. To define

your ELAN, access the Emulated LAN Definition option within

the Main Menu. Choose the number and the name you wish to use.

3. Decide which ports (or MAC addresses) will be assigned to which ELANs.

Access the Port to ELAN Configuration submenu within the

LAN Emulation Menu to set the ELANs you would like to be

enabled on each port. By default all ports belong to ELAN 1 which is

named the “Default ELAN”.

4. Define your PVCs (up to 128 PVCs can be configured). Access the PVC

Definitions submenu within the LAN Emulation Menu.

VCI — Virtual Circuit Identifier. While you can use Virtual Circuit

Identifiers between 1 and 1,024, VCIs between 1 and 31 have been

reserved for ATM management cell purposes and are not available for

use. Further, the VCI number must be the same on each of the

switches which make up the point-to-point connection.

ATM Address — This is the ATM address of the device this PVC is

going to connect to.

VPI — Virtual Path Identifier. Accessed within the ATM

Parameters submenu within the System Administration

Menu, it must be 0 in this release.

ELAN Number — Pick the correct number of the ELAN you want

this PVC to be a member of, or use the default (Default ELAN).

The above processes can be shown in the following screens:

1. Enter PV for PVC definitions from the LAN Emulation Menu.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

NOTE

It is best to record each configuration option. This will prevent mistakes when

you configure other device.

2. Select a PVC by typing its number listed on the left of the screen. The

configuration screen for the selected PVC shows the options you must

specify in order to set up a PVC.

3. Choose v for VCI, a for ATM Address, e for ELAN Number, or d to delete the

PVC definition.

Getting Started

VCI. If you choose VCI, the system displays the current value.

You can enter a new number to change the VCI for that particular PVC.

NOTE

While you can use Virtual Circuit Identifiers (VCIs) between 1 and 1,024,

VCIs between 1 and 31 have been reserved for ATM management cell

purposes and are not available for use. Further, the VCI number must be the

same on each of the switches which make up the point-to-point connection.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

ATM Address. The ATM address entered here is the one for the remote

system (on the far end of this PVC). It must be unique within this AT-4016.

ELAN ID. If you choose ELAN ID from the PVC Conﬁguration Menu, you can

specify or change which Emulated LAN is associated with the PVC.

Getting Started

Status And Statistical Menus

Status and statistical menus are accessible from the Main menu.

NOTE

The use of the Port, Frame, and Error statistics submenus are specifically associated

with Ethernet functionality and discussed in Chapter 3, System Administration. Since

they are not used to actually configure an ELAN, they will not be presented here.

The following additional menus are used to either view ELAN statistics or

conﬁgure your ELAN:

❑Cell statistics - This menu enables you to view ATM cell transmit and

receive statistics as well as Loss of Frame and Sync Events

❑Virtual circuit information - This menu enables you to view active VCI

information and statistics. The VCI number, name and type are listed

in this menu. You can view specific VCI statistics in this submenu

❑MAC Address Table - This menu displays all MAC addresses that

have been learned and stored in the bridge ﬁlter table

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Cell Statistics Menu

The Cell Statistics menu enables you to view ATM cell transmit and receive

statistics as well as Loss of Frame and Sync events. Fields in this menu cannot

be conﬁgured.

From the Main menu, access the Cell statistics submenu.

Getting Started

Virtual Circuit Information

The Virtual Circuit Information (VCI) submenu enables you to view VCI statistics for

each active VCI. VCI is the 16-bit number in an ATM cell header which

identiﬁes the speciﬁc virtual channel on which the cell is traversing on the

current physical circuit.

If you select CR, you will view all active VCIs on the network as well as data

information on each. Fields in this menu cannot be conﬁgured.

NOTE

Both the AT-S7 and AT-S9 use a VCI which has been defined as LANE-All.

From the Main menu, access the Virtual Circuit Information

submenu.

This menu provides the following information:

❑Active VCIs - All active Virtual Channel Identifier connections

associated with this switch are listed in this column.

❑Type - The type of VCI connection is listed in this column.

❑ELAN - The name of the ELAN associated with this VCI is listed in this

column.

To view additional VCI information in the VCI Statistics Menu, enter an active VCI

number and press return.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

This menu displays statistics for the VCI you speciﬁed. Again, Fields in this menu

cannot be conﬁgured.

This VCI Statistics menu provides the following information:

❑Received AAL5 Frames - The total number of AAL5 frames received by this

switch from the specified VCI

❑Received Frame Errors - The total number of frame errors received by this

switch from the specified VCI

❑Received Bytes - The total number of bytes received by this switch from the

specified VCI

❑Transmitted AAL5 Frames - The total number of AAL5 frames transmitted

from this switch to the specified VCI

❑Transmitted Frame Errors - The total number of frame errors transmitted

from this switch to the specified VCI

❑Transmitted Bytes - The total number of bytes transmitted from this switch to

the specified VCI

NOTE

All switch statistics are reset by either selecting the Zero all statistics counters on the

entire system option from any statistics menu, by selecting Restart from the Main

Menu, or by disrupting power to the switch.

Getting Started

MAC Address Table

Selecting the MAC Address Table menu displays all of the MAC addresses

discovered by management software on the network. From this screen you

can determine all of the MAC addresses that are available, as well as the port

or VCI, status, age, VLAN number and name for each MAC address.

Ethernet Administration

Some of the submenus cannot ﬁt on a single screen. In this case follow the

instructions on the screen to obtain more information or to go to the next

page.

Password,

Timeout To assign or change the password or timeout value, return to the System

Administration submenu and enter the letter P for the

Password, timeout submenu:

Password. Password protection restricts unauthorized access to Omega

management. By default, there is no password. If you choose to use password

protection, the management agent prompts for the password when each new

session begins.

You may enter a new password, up to 32 characters in length, or just press

<RETURN> to keep the existing password if there is one. (The screen does not

display your password as you type it; a series of asterisks appears instead.)

To delete your current password, press the spacebar one or more times and

then press <RETURN>.

Timeout. Your switch allows one management session at a time. If a timeout

value is entered, then the Omega session will end when there has been no

activity on the system for the length of time speciﬁed.

Timeout may be useful to avoid connection problems due to multiple sessions

(for example, you may start a local session and not exit the system before

attempting a Telnet session later). Note that timeout will also affect the

activity monitor.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Press <RETURN> for the Timeout screen.

The default, “0”, disables the timeout function.

TCP/IP

You must choose a protocol for your network: Is it to be a TCP/IP or a

nonTCP/IP network?

If you have many geographically dispersed subnetworks, each connected to

its own department concentrator, you may want to manage these multiple

switches remotely in a central-site conﬁguration. In this case, TCP/IP

network management may be optimum.

TCP/IP internet addresses consist of user assigned numbers which identify

members of the network. It normally has two ﬁelds: network number and

host number. TCP/IP addresses are expressed in the form of a.b.c.d., where

a,b,c and d are each in the 0-254 range. For example, it adheres to the

following notation: 192.136.118.3.

In a nonTCP/IP environment, all switches and devices can be identiﬁed by

either any name convention of your choice or by a Media Access Control

(MAC) address (also known as an Ethernet address) which is assigned and

integrated into each switch by the manufacturer. TCP/IP addresses are not

required for local switch management.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Port Status The Main menu of Omega is shown below.

Choose Port Status by entering the letter P. The system will then display the

AT-4016 screen shown below. Note that the AT-TS95TR screen would only

have eight (8) ports.

Ethernet Administration

This screen shows the status and conﬁguration of each Ethernet port. At the

top of the screen, you see the system name (if any). Each port is identiﬁed by

number and name (if any).

The columns provide the following information:

Port. The Port column shows each port number and its user-assigned name,

if any.

Link. The Link column shows the status of each port’s Link Integrity Test:

either Online or Offline.

Online indicates that IEEE 10BASE-T standard Link Integrity

pulses have been detected on this port.

Offline indicates that Link Integrity pulses have not been detected.

Either the device is not operational (powered down, etc.), or there is a

physical problem with the wiring.

“- -” indicates that Link Integrity Tests are not to be performed on

this port — Link Test has been turned OFF by the management

agent.

Status. There are ﬁve possible states: Enabled (Blocking, Listening,

Learning, Forwarding) and Disabled

Enabled indicates a port that is currently forwarding frames — a ready (but

not necessarily currently active) — port. All received frames are discarded

and additional stations are not added to the ﬁltering database.

A port enters the blocking state because it has received information that

another bridge is the designated bridge for the LAN to which the port is

attached.

Blocking indicates a port that is NOT PARTICIPATING in

forwarding frames thusly preventing the creation of multiple topology

paths. Received frames are discarded and frames are not submitted

for transmission. Station locations are not added to the database.

Listening A port in this state is PREPARING TO PARTICIPATE

in frame relay but is temporarily disabled to prevent temporary loops.

Learning is disabled since changes in the active topology may lead to

incorrect information when the active topology becomes stable.

Received frames are discarded and frames are not submitted for

transmission. Station location information is not added to the

database

Learning indicates a port is PREPARING TO PARTICIPATE in

frame relay but it is temporarily disabled in order to prevent

temporary loops. Learning is enabled to allow information to be

acquired prior to frame relay in order to reduce the number of frames

unnecessarily relayed.

Received frames are discarded and frames are not submitted for

transmission. Station location information is added to the database.

Forwarding indicates a port that is PARTICIPATING in frame

relay. It is both forwarding and submitting frames. The learning

process incorporates station location information into the filtering

database.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Received BPDUs will be submitted for transmission. They will also be

processed as required by the STP algorithm.

Disabled indicates a port that is NOT PARTICIPATING in frame relay. Nor

is it participating in the operation of the STP algorithm and protocol.

Received frames are discarded. Submitted frames are not forwarded for

transmission.

Disabled is left when the port is enabled by management action and the

blocking state is entered.

Polarity. The Polarity column shows the state of each UTP port’s receive

pair polarity: either Normal or Reversed.

Normal indicates correct polarity.

Reversed indicates incorrect polarity — software has detected that

your wiring has been installed with reversed polarity. It has also

subsequently corrected it. Operator intervention is not required.

Port Conﬁguration To change port information, enter a port number from the Port Status menu.

The Port Conﬁguration Menu appears. In this case, port #16 was selected.

The system and port name appear at the top of the screen. Below that is the

port’s status and conﬁguration. And, below that, you see three menu options.

The following conﬁguration options are available:

Enable/Disable. Selecting Enable changes the port’s state to allow it to

transmit or receive data. Selecting Disable turns the port logically off, thus

preventing port trafﬁc.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

System Name

First, choose the System Administration submenu by entering the letter

S from the Main Menu.

Ethernet Administration

Table 3, Omega Menu Map summarizes the functions that are available under

the System Administration menu.

Table 3: Omega Menu Map

System Administration

System name

Password, timeout

IP parameters

Ip address

SUbnet mask

GAteway address

Manager address

Download Password

GEt community string

SEt community string

Trap community string

Location

Contact

ATM parameters

Framing

Clocking

Transmitter Idle

Sonet / SDH

INternal clocking / External (loop) clocking

Unassigned cells / IDle cells

Ethernet parameters

Store-and-Forward / Cut-Through

Collision is Indicated on Amber LED /

Transmit is Indicated on Amber LED

Terminal configuration

ANSI - VT100-compatible / Generic “dumb” terminal /

Custom terminal definition...

8 data bits / 7 data bits

1 stop bit / 2 stop bits

No parity / Odd parity / Even parity

Full duplex (echo) / Half duplex (no echo)

Data rate (“baud” rate)...

Update software in another system

Broadcast updated software to all systems

ACtivity monitor

Diagnostics

Connect to a Remote System

Reset and restart the system

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

First, choose the System Administration submenu by entering the letter

S from the Main Menu.

Next, enter the letter S for System name to access the following submenu.

This menu can be used to enter or change the name of your switch.

Ethernet Administration

You may enter a new name, up to 20 characters in length, or press RETURN to

keep the existing symbolic name. To delete an existing name, enter one or

more space characters (blanks) and then press RETURN.

Ethernet Parameters

The AT-4016 as well as the AT-TS95TR, offer the choice of store-and-forward

(the default) or cut-through switching strategies. In store-and-forward, the

AT-4016 stores the entire packet before it is forwarded.

Error packets which do not have a valid Ethernet length will be discarded

using store-and-forward but not with cut-through. Due to this software

implementation, there is a minimal latency difference between cut-through

and store-and-forward. The preferred method is store-and-forward.

Choose the System Administration submenu again and enter the letter E

for Ethernet parameters to access the following submenu:

NOTE

All changes to Ethernet parameters require a system reset to be activated.

The Ethernet parameters screen shows the current choices for

forwarding and for LED modes of operation. At the bottom you see a list of

menu options. Each currently conﬁgured choice is highlighted with an

arrowhead (“>”).

Enter the letter S or the letters CU if you wish to change the forwarding

mode. Enter the letter T or the letters CO if you wish to change the LED

mode.

Ethernet Administration

Custom Terminal Configuration—Custom terminal definition...

enables the same full-screen display characteristics as the ANSI option, but

with a non-ANSI terminal.

If you select the Custom terminal definition... option, you are led

through three screens to specify the control or escape sequences used by the

terminal. On each screen, you must enter the actual control character

sequence, either by typing control characters individually or by pressing the

terminal’s appropriate function key (if it has one). For example, if the

terminal’s sequence to “home” the cursor is ESC-H, you can either press the

ESC key followed by the H key or simply press the “Home Cursor” function

key on the terminal.

Control sequences may contain common character codes such as “backspace”

or “carriage return” that are also used for input editing. Your input,

therefore, for these screens is handled differently. You must ﬁrst enter a

delimiter character (choose any character desired). The control sequence is

then entered—normal editing characters are ignored. Finally, to signal the

end of the sequence, and to terminate input, you must enter the same

delimiter character again.

Obviously the control sequence cannot contain the delimiter character itself—

you must choose a delimiter character that is known not to occur within the

terminal’s escape sequence. Also, the ﬂow control characters XON (^Q) and

XOFF (^S) may not appear within any sequence.

If you conﬁgure a terminal with an Erase Screen capability, the management

agent will not scroll the screen but will instead erase and paint the screen

from the top. This is generally more pleasant than scrolling.

If the terminal has a Home Cursor capability, the management agent will not

erase or scroll the screen to update an existing display, but will instead

“home” the cursor and then display updated information. This feature avoids

the appearance of screen “ﬂicker.”

The Erase End Of Line (EOL) capability provides an efﬁcient method for the

management agent to erase old information when updating an existing

display. If Erase EOL is not conﬁgured, the management agent will use an

appropriate number of space characters to erase old information.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Under Custom Terminal Configuration... the ﬁrst sequence to be

conﬁgured is HOME THE CURSOR.

This is followed by the ERASE THE ENTIRE SCREEN.

Ethernet Administration

Finally, you enter the ERASE TO END-OF-LINE.

Data Rate—Return to the Terminal Configuration screen and select

Data rate (baud” rate).... The screen consists of selectable baud rates.

If you select Automatic baud rate detection (the default), you will have to

press RETURN twice to begin future management agent sessions. Two RETURNs

are required in order to determine the terminal’s actual data rate.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Update Software In Another System

There are two prerequisites before you can update software to another

system:

1. Software cannot be upgraded if either an AT-S7 PCMCIA card or an

AT-S9 Firmware Cassette is installed in the remote device, and

2. All systems should have the same downloaded password.

Return to the System Administration submenu.

Enter the letter U for Update software in another system. The

following submenu will be displayed.

Next, you are prompted to select a speciﬁc switch to download with new

software.

Enter the IP address of the target switch, the target switch name (if

conﬁgured), or the target switch’s MAC address. The MAC address can be

obtained from the Diagnostics screen. It may also be found on an external

label above the RS-232 port (or the console port, in some instances).

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Activity Monitor

This option is used for troubleshooting purposes as well to show if

downloaded software is completed. When directed to a ﬁle, technical support

engineers will be able to retrieve this information and, subsequently, use it

towards the determination and resolution of failures.

Open the Main menu and enter the letters AC for the Activity monitor

submenu.

This option displays a variety of messages showing system activity as it

occurs.

Ethernet Administration

Diagnostics

Diagnostics enables you to run a limited set of diagnostic tests on currently

selected groups. The results for each test will indicate either Good or Failed.

Choose the System Administration submenu. Enter the letter D for

Diagnostics to access the following submenu:

The top of the screen shows the user-conﬁgured switch name and selected

group name. Below is the group’s product identiﬁer. The group’s unique MAC

address is displayed as a hexadecimal string (this is actually the group’s

Ethernet address), followed by a version identiﬁer for the group’s ﬁrmware

and current version of the software.

NOTE

This is the only screen that shows the MAC/Ethernet address and the only

place that you can automatically view the software version level unless, of

course, you have previously entered it manually.

AT-S7 2.0

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Connect to a Remote System

Select System Administration from the Main Menu. Next, select Connect to

a remote system. The following screen will be shown:

For IP Networks. Enter the IP address of the target switch, switch name,

or MAC address.

This option initiates a Telnet session to another ATI managed switch. This

option is useful when you are managing remote networks.

NOTE

If you are specifying the system by its system name, be sure to enclose the

name in single quotation marks (for example, ‘name’).

When the Telnet connection is established, you will see the remote system’s

Main Menu. Note that a thorough discussion of Telnet and remote

connectivity was discussed in Chapter 2 and you are referred to that

information.

Local switch management does not require TCP/IP addresses. If you are

NOT going to have a TCP/IP network then all switches and devices can be

identiﬁed by either a name convention of your choice or by a MAC address

which is assigned and integrated into each switch by the manufacturer).

The switch displays its name at the top of the screen in an Omega session.

This is particularly useful if you have more than one system. You can also use

the name when initiating an Omega session via Telnet from another switch.

Ethernet Administration

Reset and Restart the System

Choose the System Administration submenu.

Enter the letter R for Reset and restart the system to access the

following submenu.

This screen is used to verify changes in ATM parameters as well as Ethernet

parameters.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Frame Statistics

When you select Frame statistics from the Main menu, the following

screen appears:

Options Statistics Counters. Options A through K will display a graph for a

particular statistics counter. See Single Counter Graph below.

System Overview. This option (L) displays the System Overview Graph -

Frames (see below).

Individual Port Overview. This option (M) displays the Individual Port

Menu (see below).

Zero Counters. This option (N) clears all of the statistics counters on the

entire switch to zero.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

System Overview If you select the System overview option (L) from the Frame

statistics submenu, the following display appears:

All of the system-wide statistics counters are graphed. Each counter value is

shown to the left of the graph while the graph itself provides a visual picture

of system-wide network activity.

Individual Port

Overview If you select the Individual port overview option (M) from the Frame

statistics submenu, the following submenu appears and you are asked to

select a desired port:

Ethernet Administration

To select a port, you enter the port number, followed by RETURN. A graph

similar to the following Individual Port Graph - Frames will then

appear.

Individual Port

Graph — Frames If you select a port number from the Individual Port Statistics, the

following display appears. Note that Port #1 was selected.

This display is identical to the System Overview Graph except it for a

selected port and not the overall system. Each counter value is shown to the

left of the graph and the graph itself provides a visual picture of the port’s

network activity.

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

Error Statistics

When you select Error statistics from the Main menu, the following

menu appears:

Options Statistics Counters. Options A through P will display a graph for a

particular statistics counter. See Single Counter Graph above.

System Overview. This option (Q) displays the System Overview Graph -

Errors (see below).

Individual Port Overview. This option (R) displays the Individual Port

Menu (see above).

Zero Counters. This option (S) clears all of the statistics counters on the

entire switch to zero.

Ethernet Administration

System Overview If you select the System overview option (O)from the Error Statistics Menu,

the following display appears:

All of the system-wide statistics counters are graphed. Each counter value is

shown to the left of the graph, and the graph itself provides a visual picture of

system-wide network activity.

Individual

Port Overview If you select a port number from the Individual Overview Port menu

(P), the following display for Port 1, Irin, appears:

AT-S7/AT-S9 Operations Manual

This display is identical to the System Overview Graph - Errors, but reﬂects

only the statistics for the selected port. All of the selected port’s statistics

counters are graphed. Each counter value is shown to the left of the graph,

and the graph itself provides a visual picture of the port’s network activity.

Cell Statistics

When you select Cell statistics from the Main Menu, the following menu

appears. Items on this menu cannot be modiﬁed.

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