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© 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39731A-page 43-1
Graphics Controller
Module (GFX)
43
Section 43. Graphics Controller Module (GFX)
HIGHLIGHTS
This section of the manual contains the following topics:
43.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 43-2
43.2 Module Registers ......................................................................................................... 43-4
43.3 Operation ................................................................................................................... 43-27
43.4 Display Controller....................................................................................................... 43-34
43.5 Graphical Processing Units (GPUs)........................................................................... 43-49
43.6 Interrupts.................................................................................................................... 43-65
43.7 Display Power Sequencing ........................................................................................ 43-67
43.8 Operation in Power-Saving Modes ............................................................................ 43-68
43.9 Effects of a Reset.......................................................................................................43-69
43.10 Display Interface Timing............................................................................................. 43-70
43.11 Register Map.............................................................................................................. 43-74
43.12 Related Application Notes.......................................................................................... 43-75
43.13 Revision History ......................................................................................................... 43-76
PIC24F Family Reference Manual
DS39731A-page 43-2 © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc.
43.1 INTRODUCTION
The Graphics Controller (GFX) module is specifically designed to directly interface with display
glasses, with built-in analog drive, to individually control pixels in the screen. The module also pro-
vides accelerated rendering of vertical and horizontal lines, rectangles, copying of a rectangular
area between different locations on the screen, drawing texts and decompressing compressed
data. The use of the accelerated rendering is performed using command FIFO. Once initiated, the
hardware will perform the rendering freeing up the CPU for other tasks. Software can either poll the
status or use interrupts to continue rendering succeeding shapes.
43.1.1 GFX Module Features
The GFX module supports three categories of display glasses:
• Monochrome STN
• Color STN
• Color TFT
Programmable vertical and horizontal synchronization signals’ timing is provided to meet the
display’s timing requirements.
The GFX module includes the following features:
• Graphics Hardware Accelerators:
- Character Graphics Processing Unit (CHRGPU)
- Rectangle Copy Graphics Processing Unit (RCCGPU)
- Inflate Processing Unit (IPU)
• 256 Color Look-up Table (CLUT) Entries
• Supports 1/2/4/8/16 bits-per-pixel (bpp) Color Depth
• Programmable Display Resolution
• Supports the following Display Interfaces:
- 4/8/16-Bit Monochrome STN
- 4/8/16-Bit Color STN
- 9/12/18/24-Bit Color TFT (18 and 24-bit displays are connected as 16-bit 5-6-5 RGB
color format)
Figure 43-1 illustrates the GFX module pinout and image buffer sources. In some devices,
system RAM can also reside externally to the device. Refer to the applicable device data sheet
for details.
© 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39731A-page 43-3
Section 43. Graphics Controller Module (GFX)
Graphics Controller
Module (GFX)
43
Figure 43-1: Graphics Module Pinout and Block Diagram
PIC24F Graphics
Controller Module
To Display
Glass
System
RAM
VSYNC
GCLK
GEN
GPWR
HSYNC
GD<15:0>
GPU Command
Interface
Registers
and Control
Interface
CHRGPURCCGPU IPU
Memory Request Arbiter
Display Module
Interface
CLUT
Graphics
Controller Clock
(G1CLK)
Display Interface
Clock (DISPCLK)
System Clock


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